Docker & Joomla

1 Introduction

So many times I have seen people struggling on forums or elsewhere to configure a “local server”.

Actually, Docker is really the way to go because

it is not only an easy & cool way to set up a “local server” to play / work with Joomla
but once you can use it, you realize that it allows to set up any kind of tool / environment in less than 1 minute, without worrying for conflicts / versions / whatever

2 Demo

2.1 Prerequisite

Let’s suppose you have already installed Docker Desktop (or Docker Engine if you don’t wish/need the Graphical User Interface).

See the detailed installation procedures hereafter.

2.2 Example 1

See the corresponding video: https://youtu.be/-4WXIXQJWTU

As you can see, basically all it takes to get a Joomla website running locally is

one little configuration file that you copy paste
one command line

2.2.1 Have Joomla up and running

Open Docker Desktop

Go to the Official Image for Joomla on the Docker website: https://hub.docker.com/_/joomla

Copy the docker-compose.yml example and save it in a local File called docker-compose.yml (or better: compose.yaml which is the latest standard) in a newly created Folder

Open your Terminal in that given Folder and type the following Command

docker compose up --detach

In Docker Desktop, you can see when your Containers are ready (it typically needs only a few seconds, except the first time where the different Images also need to be downloaded)

Open your browser and go to localhost:8080 (or http://127.0.0.1:8080 should localhost not be defined on your computer)… your Joomla website is ready (i.e. even already installed! You can log in with the username and password mentioned in the yaml file)
(if all services are not ready yet, in your browser you could have a message like “Unable to connect” or “This site can’t be reached”. Just be a bit patient and refresh the page)

Notes:

the --detach at the end of our Command means “Detached mode: Run containers in the background”. - d is its short version
to know more about docker compose up, see https://docs.docker.com/reference/cli/docker/compose/up/

2.2.2 File Management

2.2.2.1 See the files within Docker Desktop

Now you probably want to access your Files, for example

to edit a PHP file like configuration.php
to rename / delete images
…

But as you might have noticed, the Joomla and the Database Files are not directly accessible via your regular File Manager. This is because Docker itself is managing all files (“self-managed”).

In Docker Desktop > Volumes, you can indeed see

1 Volume for joomla_data
1 Volume for db_data

Note: these are the names given arbitrarily in our yaml file. You can, of course, give them any name you like!

There you can open each volume, navigate through the folders and even open files. But you cannot edit them.

2.2.2.2 Edit the files

To make things easy, simply install

Visual Studio Code (which is free, but feel free to use PHPStorm if you have a licence)
the following Extensions for Visual Studio Code
- Docker by Microsoft
  “Makes it easy to create, manage, and debug containerized applications”
- Dev Containers by Microsoft
  “Open any folder or repository inside a Docker container and take advantage of Visual Studio Code’s full feature set”

Accessing the Folders and Files is now easy

Open Visual Studio Code
Click on the Docker icon in the left bar (added by the Docker Extension). There you see a.o.
- the Containers
- the Images
- the Volumes
- …
Open the Volumes, right-click on joomla_data and click on Explore in a Dev Container (added by the Dev Containers Extension)

Now you can do what you want, for example

4.1. Edit configuration.php, change the row public $offline = false to public $offline = true and save. Now if you refresh your website in your browser localhost:8080 the website has indeed gone offline

4.2. If you go to Joomla’s back-end > Content > Media and upload Images, you will see them in Virtual Studio Code > Explorer

Tip 1: if you have made 1 or several changes to a File (even another day), you can simply go back to any Version simply with Virtual Studio Code: Explorer icon > Timeline

Tip 2: in Virtual Studio Code you also have a Terminal (quite simply to be found under the Terminal menu item)

Tip 3: if you are in your terminal application and want to open Virtual Studio Code already placed in the current folder, simply type the following command:

code .

2.2.3 Persistence

You can close Docker Desktop any time: when you will reopen it, your website will again be up and running (“persistency”).

But if you want to consume less memory, you can “turn off” your containers.

either via Docker Desktop > Containers: Stop of even Delete
either via your terminal in that given folder: type the following command: docker compose down

After that, whenever you will run again

docker compose up --detach

Your website will be back.

Actually, as long as you don’t delete the Volumes joomla_data and db_data your website is still intact, ready to be run.

NB: under Docker Desktop > Images you will find all the Images that you already “downloaded”. You can safely delete those files: the only consequence is that they will be downloaded again if your ỳaml`requires them.

2.3 Example 2: customized environment

Let’s customize further our setup

by default, we had the latest stable Joomla Version and some given PHP Version. Let’s suppose you want a specific Joomla Version and a specific PHP version
by default, the database engine is mysql. Let’s suppose you want to use mariadb instead
by default, the upload maximum file size is 2 Mb. Let suppose you want to increase it

Here is how we can easily achieve this

just like in the previous example, create a new folder with the same file compose.yaml (new folder because otherwise we will be messing up the previously installed mysql with the newly installed mariadb for example). Then edit that file as follows
change ìmage: joomla into image: joomla:5.2-php8.3-apache if you want Joomla 5.2 with PHP 8.3 (see https://hub.docker.com/_/joomla for all the available Tags)
change image: mysql:8.0 into image: mariadb:10.5.26 to switch from MySQL 8.0 to MariaDB 10.5.26
in order to change the upload maximum file size (or any parameter which belongs typically to php.ini actually)
- create a file called php.ini next to compose.yaml with the following content :

upload_max_filesize = 500M
post_max_size = 500M

- add the following line `- ./php.ini:/usr/local/etc/php/php.ini` after `- joomla_data:/var/www/html` (keeping the same indentation!)

That’s it!

By running docker compose up --detach in this folder I will now have my customized environment.

2.4 Example 3: adding PHPMyAdmin

What if we also wanted to have PHPMyAdmin in order to be able to play directly with our database.

The official image is available here: https://hub.docker.com/_/phpmyadmin/

2.4.1 Occasionally

If we only need PHPMyAdmin occasionally then we can just launch it manually any time once your Joomla website is running.

See https://www.avonture.be/blog/docker-adminer-pgadmin-phpmyadmin

2.4.2 Systematically

If we want to have PHPMyAdmin systematically then all we have to do is to add a few lines in our compose.yaml file.

we add the phpmyadmin service. Note: we added there a condition: service_healthy so that phpmyadmin only starts when db is ready
therefore, in the db service we have added a healthcheck block
and since we have now introduced that healthcheck concept, it also makes sense to add the condition: service_healthy for the joomla service

To know more about Startup Order, see https://docs.docker.com/compose/how-tos/startup-order/

services:

  joomla:
    image: joomla
    restart: always
    ports:
      - 8080:80
    environment:
      JOOMLA_DB_HOST: db
      JOOMLA_DB_USER: joomla
      JOOMLA_DB_PASSWORD: examplepass
      JOOMLA_DB_NAME: joomla_db
      JOOMLA_SITE_NAME: Joomla
      JOOMLA_ADMIN_USER: Joomla Hero
      JOOMLA_ADMIN_USERNAME: joomla
      JOOMLA_ADMIN_PASSWORD: joomla@secured
      JOOMLA_ADMIN_EMAIL: joomla@example.com
    depends_on: # new block - cfr the "healthcheck" under the db service
      db:
        condition: service_healthy
    volumes:
      - joomla_data:/var/www/html
    networks:
      - joomla_network

  db:
    image: mysql:8.0
    restart: always
    environment:
      MYSQL_DATABASE: joomla_db
      MYSQL_USER: joomla
      MYSQL_PASSWORD: examplepass
      MYSQL_RANDOM_ROOT_PASSWORD: '1'
    healthcheck: # new block - cfr the "condition: service_healthy" of the "depends_on" block for joomla and phpmyadmin services
      test: ["CMD", "mysqladmin" ,"ping", "-h", "localhost"]
      timeout: 10s
      retries: 10
    volumes:
      - db_data:/var/lib/mysql
    networks:
      - joomla_network

  phpmyadmin: # new service
    depends_on:
      db:
        condition: service_healthy
    image: phpmyadmin/phpmyadmin:latest
    restart: always
    ports:
      - '8081:80'
    environment:
      PMA_HOST: db
    networks:
      - joomla_network

volumes:
  joomla_data:
  db_data:

networks:
  joomla_network:

Now when you run docker compose up --detach you will notice that the joomla and phpmyadmin services will only start once the db service shows “Healthy”.

As previously http://localhost:8080/ shows Joomla
And now http://localhost:8081/ shows PHPMyAdmin
- the port is 8081 because this is what we chose in our compose.yaml file
- the credentials to access our database are also defined in our compose.yaml file
  - MYSQL_USER: joomla
  - MYSQL_PASSWORD: examplepass

2.5 Example 4: all the Files in my own File Manager

In the previous example, we saw that even when our volumes (Files) are managed within Docker itself, we can still access them.

But sometimes you really want to have joomla_data and db_data as regular folders of your computer, so that you can access them directly with your regular File Manager.

2.5.1 Prerequisite

Let’s suppose Docker Engine is already installed (see the detailed installation procedures hereafter).

2.5.2 Configuration

in a new Folder, create manually the 2 Folders joomla_data and db_data

We don’t let Docker create them so that we are the Owners of those folders. Otherwise Docker will create them and be the owner, creating useless permission issues.

in the same Folder, create the following composer.yaml File

services:

  joomla:
    image: joomla
    restart: always
    ports:
      - 8080:80
    environment:
      JOOMLA_DB_HOST: db
      JOOMLA_DB_USER: joomla
      JOOMLA_DB_PASSWORD: examplepass
      JOOMLA_DB_NAME: joomla_db
      JOOMLA_SITE_NAME: Joomla
      JOOMLA_ADMIN_USER: Joomla Hero
      JOOMLA_ADMIN_USERNAME: joomla
      JOOMLA_ADMIN_PASSWORD: joomla@secured
      JOOMLA_ADMIN_EMAIL: joomla@example.com
    user: "1000:1000" # added - use the command id -u and id -g to know your own userid:groupid
    volumes:
      - ./joomla_data:/var/www/html # added ./ at the start
    networks:
      - joomla_network

  db:
    image: mysql:8.0
    restart: always
    environment:
      MYSQL_DATABASE: joomla_db
      MYSQL_USER: joomla
      MYSQL_PASSWORD: examplepass
      MYSQL_RANDOM_ROOT_PASSWORD: '1'
    user: "1000:1000" # added - use the command id -u and id -g to know your own userid:groupid
    volumes:
      - ./db_data:/var/lib/mysql # added ./ at the start
    networks:
      - joomla_network

# volumes:
#   joomla_data:
#   db_data:

networks:
  joomla_network:

Note: anything after the symbol # is a comment made to highlight the difference with the original basic yaml file, but, of course, all these comments can be deleted.

Compared to the original basic yaml file, we have respectively

in each section called joomla and db
- added a line for user:. Use the command id -u and id -g to know what is your User Id and your User Group.
  In my case (and in many cases) it is 1000 and 1000. So the full line is user: "1000:1000"
- added ./ before each volume, meaning that Docker will point to the current Local Folder
disabled the volumes: section because we are precisely using our own 2 Folders so Docker will not have to “manage” the volumes itself

2.5.3 Starting Docker Engine

On some operating systems, like Ubuntu and Debian, the Docker daemon service starts automatically when booting.

Otherwise, use the following command to start it manually:

sudo systemctl start docker

See https://docs.docker.com/engine/daemon/start/ for more details.

2.5.4 Execution

Since Docker Engine was executed with sudo privileges (i.e. as root user), we also have to use sudo on our usual command:

sudo docker compose up --detach

Open your browser and go to localhost:8080… your Joomla website is ready.

To close your containers (but keep your website intact), simply do

sudo docker compose down

3 Installing Docker Desktop

Let’s see how to install Docker Desktop, namely Docker with Graphical User Interface

it is indeed probably easier / more comfortable if you have no/little experience with Docker
but strictly speaking you can, of course, also always use Docker Engine, namely Docker without Graphical User Interface

3.1 on Windows

The best way is to first install WSL2 (Windows Subsystem for Linux)

You will find enough documentation online, for example

3.2 on Linux (Ubuntu, …)

Let’s take the example of Ubuntu.

See

https://docs.docker.com/desktop/install/linux/ for Linux in general
https://docs.docker.com/desktop/install/linux/ubuntu/ for Ubuntu in particular

Short version :

Set up Docker’s apt repository as explained on https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/ubuntu/
Download the appropriate version, in my case docker-desktop-amd64.deb
Install

sudo apt update
sudo apt install ./docker-desktop-<arch>.deb

where <arch> is in my case amd64 of course.

3.3 Launch Docker Desktop

You can launch Docker Desktop

either via its icon
either via the following command line:

systemctl --user start docker-desktop

Note: if you are running Ubuntu 24.04, before launching Docker Desktop you need to run

sudo sysctl -w kernel.apparmor_restrict_unprivileged_userns=0

after each reboot (as explained in the Prerequisites on https://docs.docker.com/desktop/install/linux/ubuntu/)

4 Installing Docker Engine

4.1 On Ubuntu

Note: when using Docker Desktop on Ubuntu, I personally always run into Permission issues. So for this scenario we will now use Docker Engine instead of Docker Desktop [if you can help me having to make it work with Docker Desktop, please get in touch!]. It is also the opportunity to give a try to Docker Engine.

In the case of Ubuntu, the procedure is described here: https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/ubuntu/

Step 1 “Set up Docker’s apt repository.” was already done above, so I can directly jump to Step 2:

sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin

4.2 Manage Docker as a non-root user

If you want to manage Docker as a non-root user please follow those instructions:

https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/linux-postinstall/

Note: in the context of this presentation, we skip this because we will simply manage Docker as root user (using sudo preface our Commands)

4.3 A few useful command

docker volume list
docker container list

5 Useful Links

There is a “Docker Stuff” group on Joomla’s Mattermost: https://joomlacommunity.cloud.mattermost.com/main/channels/docker-stuff

5.1 Useful Docker Images

Databases

More generally, see https://hub.docker.com/

5.2 Christophe Avonture’s presentations around Docker

In English

In French #jd22fr

https://docker.avonture.be/

6 DPDocker by Allon Moritz

Very useful for Joomla testers and/or developers

https://github.com/Digital-Peak/DPDocker

6.1 Installation

In a Folder, type

git clone https://github.com/Digital-Peak/DPDocker.git

This creates a DPDocker Folder.

Go to that folder in your terminal.

6.2 Example - testing a Pull Request

One of the Tools of DPDocker is “joomla-pr”:

https://github.com/Digital-Peak/DPDocker/tree/main/joomla-pr

Let’s try this. Go to https://github.com/joomla/joomla-cms and click on the “Pull Request” Tab.

Identify a Pull Request (PR), for example https://github.com/joomla/joomla-cms/pull/44223. So the ID of this Pull Request is 44223

joomla-pr/run-joomla-pr-webserver.sh 44223 -db mysql -php 8.1

Runs the web server for pr 44223 on a mysql database with PHP 8.1.

http://localhost:8090/pr/44223/administrator now shows the website.

Press CTRL+c to Stop the Container.

7 Special thanks

On this special occasion, I would like to express my gratitude to Christophe Avonture aka cavo789 for

having created the Joomla User Group which was my first contact with the Joomla Community
having pushed me to attend my very first JoomlaDay (which changed my life)
initiating me to Docker!

8 Get in touch

https://slides.woluweb.be

Any suggestion about this presentation?
Please feel free to contact me. I’ll be happy to keep improving it 🙂

Marc Dechèvre | woluweb
+32 474 37 13 12 | +32 2 772 58 69

https://www.woluweb.be/contact

https://www.slideshare.net/woluweb